Spinal arthritis—also known as spinal osteoarthritis or spondylosis—is a degenerative condition that affects the cartilage, discs, and joints along the spine. This chronic condition often leads to stiffness, reduced mobility, and persistent back or neck pain that worsens over time. For many, the gradual onset of symptoms can be mistaken for ordinary aging, which delays diagnosis and treatment. Left unmanaged, spinal arthritis may not only compromise quality of life but also accelerate spinal degeneration, limiting your ability to perform daily activities and increasing the risk of further complications.
It is essential to recognize and address spinal arthritis early to preserve mobility and minimize long-term damage. That’s where spine specialist Dr. Todd Lanman comes in. With decades of experience in motion-preserving techniques and personalized treatment plans, Dr. Lanman brings a patient-centered approach to spinal care. In this article, we will explore how timely interventions from lifestyle modifications and physical therapy to advanced surgical options can slow disease progression and help you maintain (or regain) a vibrant, active life.
What Is Spinal Arthritis?
Spinal arthritis is the inflammation and degeneration of the joints, discs, and cartilage within the spine. Over time, this wear-and-tear process can lead to stiffness, localized pain, and reduced spinal mobility. The condition often progresses gradually, with symptoms worsening as the protective cartilage breaks down. Surrounding structures such as vertebrae and nerve roots become irritated or compressed. Although spinal arthritis is most common in older adults, it can affect people at any age, especially those with underlying autoimmune conditions or a history of joint injury.
Several types of arthritis can affect the spine. Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form and results from chronic joint degeneration, typically in the cervical or lumbar spine. Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder, causes an inflammation that erodes bone and soft tissue. A less common type of spinal arthritis is ankylosing spondylitis, which primarily affects the sacroiliac joints in the pelvis. Individuals with psoriasis may develop psoriatic arthritis, which may cause joint inflammation along the spine. Identifying the specific type is essential because it guides treatment and improves long-term outcomes.
Spinal Arthritis Symptoms
Spinal arthritis can cause a range of symptoms that often start gradually and worsen over time. The most common complaint is localized back or neck pain, often described as aching, stiffness, or a deep soreness that is worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity. As the degenerative process advances, inflammation and joint breakdown can irritate nearby nerves, leading to radiating pain. In the cervical spine, this may cause pain that travels into the shoulders or arms. In the lumbar spine, symptoms may radiate into the buttocks, thighs, or even down to the feet.
Reduced range of motion is another hallmark of spinal arthritis. You may find it harder to turn your head, bend forward, or twist your torso without discomfort. Simple movements can become restricted, especially during flare-ups. Over time, joint degeneration and chronic inflammation may also weaken the surrounding muscles, particularly if pain limits physical activity. This can lead to poor posture, muscle fatigue, and an increased risk of falls or injury.
Symptom patterns vary depending on the location and severity of arthritis. Some people experience only mild, intermittent discomfort, while others struggle with persistent, debilitating pain. Cervical involvement often affects coordination and grip strength, while lumbar arthritis tends to impact walking, balance, or the ability to stand for long periods. Recognizing how these symptoms manifest—and how they evolve—is key to determining the best course of treatment.
Causes and Risk Factors of Spinal Arthritis
Spinal arthritis often develops because of age-related wear and tear on the joints, discs, and cartilage that support the spine. Over time, repeated mechanical stress can degrade these structures, leading to chronic inflammation, joint stiffness, and pain. This degenerative process tends to accelerate with age, making spinal arthritis especially common in individuals over 50. However, the condition is not solely a product of aging. Genetic factors also play a role. People with a family history of arthritis may be more likely to develop symptoms earlier or with greater severity.
Other risk factors include previous spinal injuries or trauma, which can destabilize joint structures and increase the likelihood of early degeneration. Individuals who have sustained fractures, undergone spinal surgery, or experienced repetitive strain may be more susceptible to localized joint breakdown. Additionally, inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or psoriatic arthritis can affect the spine directly, triggering immune responses that erode bone and soft tissue. Identifying these risk factors can help guide early screening and preventative strategies, particularly in individuals who may be at higher risk.
Diagnosis of Spinal Arthritis
Dr. Lanman begins the diagnosing spinal arthritis with a thorough clinical evaluation. During the physical examination, the he will assess your spinal alignment, range of motion, and areas of tenderness or stiffness. Dr. Lanman will also perform a neurological assessment to check for signs of nerve involvement, such as muscle weakness, altered reflexes, or sensory changes in the arms or legs. These findings help narrow down the affected spinal region and determine whether nerve compression is contributing to your symptoms.
Imaging studies are critical for confirming the diagnosis and evaluating the extent of joint degeneration. X-rays can reveal bone spurs, disc space narrowing, and joint erosion, which are hallmarks of osteoarthritis. Computed tomography (CT) scans provide more detailed images of bony structures and are especially useful when evaluating spinal alignment or subtle fractures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to assess soft tissue involvement, including inflammation, nerve impingement, and disc pathology. Together, these tools provide a comprehensive understanding of the condition and help Dr. Lanman tailor an effective treatment plan.
Treatment Options for Spinal Arthritis
Non-surgical treatments
Treatment for spinal arthritis depends on the severity of your symptoms, the extent of joint degeneration, and how well you respond to conservative therapies. In most cases, Dr. Lanman will begin with non-surgical treatment options. Pain management may involve anti-inflammatory medications, muscle relaxants, or, in some cases, targeted injections to reduce inflammation around irritated joints or nerve roots. Physical therapy plays a central role in improving spinal mobility, strengthening supportive muscles, and reducing mechanical stress on the affected areas. Dr. Lanman may also recommend specific exercises and lifestyle adjustments—such as posture correction, weight management, and ergonomic changes—to help slow disease progression and reduce flare-ups.
Surgical treatments (if necessary)
If non-surgical measures are not sufficient, surgical treatment may be appropriate. In cases of advanced degeneration or structural instability, Dr. Lanman may recommend spinal fusion to stabilize the spine and relieve nerve compression. For select patients who are candidates for motion-preserving surgery, artificial disc replacement may offer a better alternative by maintaining flexibility at the affected level. This option is particularly valuable in the cervical spine, where preserving motion can significantly improve long-term function. The decision to proceed with surgery is based on a comprehensive evaluation and always tailored to your individual goals and spine health needs.
Managing Spinal Arthritis at Home
You can take certain steps to manage spinal arthritis at home. Dr. Lanman often recommends a structured home exercise program that includes gentle stretches and low-impact movements designed to improve flexibility, support joint health, and relieve stiffness. Daily activities such as walking, swimming, or using a stationary bike can help keep the spine mobile without placing excessive strain on the joints. Stretching the neck, lower back, and hamstrings can ease muscle tightness and improve range of motion, especially when done consistently and with proper form.
Attention to posture and body mechanics is equally important. Poor alignment can accelerate joint wear and contribute to pain. Dr. Lanman encourages patients to be mindful of their posture throughout the day and to make ergonomic adjustments at work and at home. In addition, maintaining a healthy weight reduces the load on spinal joints, particularly in the lumbar region. Even modest weight loss can ease pressure on the spine and lessen inflammation. These at-home strategies, when practiced regularly, can significantly improve your comfort and delay the need for more aggressive interventions.
Why Choose Dr. Lanman for Spinal Arthritis Care?
Dr. Todd Lanman is a leading expert in spinal arthritis care, with decades of experience treating complex spinal conditions using both time-tested and cutting-edge techniques. As a board-certified neurosurgeon and recognized authority in motion-preserving spine surgery, Dr. Lanman brings a level of expertise that few can match. He has been at the forefront of innovations such as artificial disc replacement and has helped shape national standards for treating degenerative spinal disease.
What sets Dr. Lanman apart is his commitment to personalized care. He takes the time to understand your symptoms, goals, and lifestyle, then develops a treatment plan that addresses your specific needs. Whether you benefit from non-surgical strategies or require advanced surgical intervention, Dr. Lanman offers a full range of options tailored to optimize long-term outcomes. His patient-centered approach ensures that you receive not only expert care, but also the support and guidance needed to navigate every stage of your recovery.
FAQs About Spinal Arthritis
What are the early signs of spinal arthritis?
Early signs include stiffness in the neck or lower back, mild to moderate pain that worsens with inactivity, and reduced flexibility or range of motion. Some individuals may also experience occasional numbness or tingling if nearby nerves are affected.
Can exercise help with spinal arthritis?
Yes. Low-impact exercises and targeted stretches can improve flexibility, strengthen supportive muscles, and reduce joint stress. Regular physical activity also helps manage pain and maintain mobility.
Is there a cure for spinal arthritis?
There is no cure, but the condition can be managed effectively. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, slowing progression, and improving function through a combination of medical, physical, and sometimes surgical interventions.
When should I see a specialist for my symptoms?
You should see a specialist if your symptoms persist despite rest or over-the-counter treatments, worsen over time, or include signs of nerve involvement such as weakness, numbness, or radiating pain. Early evaluation can prevent further joint damage and improve outcomes.
If you’re experiencing persistent back pain, stiffness, or other symptoms of spinal arthritis, don’t hesitate to seek expert care. Contact Dr. Todd Lanman today to schedule a consultation and explore personalized treatment options designed to improve your spinal health and quality of life.
